Efektivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Obat Kumur Kitosan Kepiting Hitam (Scylla serrata) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara In Vitro

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a normal flora in the oral cavity that can turn into pathogens and cause infections and is considered as cause of many oral diseases. To prevent this, people can maintain oral hygiene, one of which is by using mouthwash. However, commercial mouthwashes can cause side effects if used in the long term. This raises the need for a natural alternative as the active ingredient in mouthwash, one such candidate is chitosan, which can be derived from crustaceans like the black crab (Scylla serrata). Chitosan has antibacterial properties due to the presence of positively charged polycations that can inhibit the growth of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of a mouthwash containing chitosan from black crab (Scylla serrata) in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. This type of research is an experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design. The test involved mouthwash formulations with chitosan from black crab at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%, positive control (Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%), and negative control (basic mouthwash) using the disc diffusion method. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, which showed a significant difference among the treatment groups (p<0.005). Therefore, it can be concluded that the black crab chitosan mouthwash is effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.