Analisis Konflik dan Dampak Serta Penanganan Konflik Manusia-Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) di Lanskap Batang Toru

Abstract

Orangutans are the only surviving species of Asian great apes. This makes orangutans one of the protected animals both in terms of species and habitat which are increasingly approaching the edge of extinction. One of them is the Tapanuli Orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) which is an endemic animal whose natural distribution is only left in North Sumatra and its conservation status is critically endangered. The main conflict between the community and the Tapanuli orangutan is competition between humans and orangutans for natural resources. This study aims to analyze the conflict, the impact of the conflict on the economy of the community and the Tapanuli Orangutan and the mitigation model and its implementation in the Batang Toru Landscape using field survey methods, in-depth interviews, and descriptive economic data analysis. The results of the study found that the conflict was related to the division of living space and habitat damage such as illegal logging, large-scale forest degradation and fragmentation. The impact of the conflict experienced by the community was a decrease in crop production, the selling price of production and the selling price of land, the impact experienced by the Tapanuli Orangutan was isolation, stress and behavioral changes. The conflict mitigation model found was the eviction of Tapanuli Orangutans, relocation, plant enrichment, and enrichment of non-timber forest products carried out by the South Tapanuli Non-Governmental Organization (NGO).