Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Medan Tahun 2025

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) characterized by sudden heart attacks due to the narrowing of blood vessel walls known as atherosclerosis. According to WHO data from 2021, cardiovascular disease caused 17,9 million deaths with 85% of them suffering from heart attacks. In 2024 at Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Teaching Hospital Medan, it was 178 people (31%) were productive age patients with CHD receiving outpatient treatment. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of CHD in patients aged 25-59 years at Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Teaching Hospital Medan in 2025. Type of this research uses quantitative research with Cross Sectional. Sampling technique used accidental sampling with total 82 respondents. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires and medical records. The results of univariate analysis obtained the distribution of the respondents in this study were in the age group of 46-59 years (85,4%), males (59,8%), Batak Ethnicity (59,8%), high school education (52,4%), private sector employment (31,7%), had no family history of CHD (62,2%), active physical activity (56,1%), had smoking habit (56,1%), heavy smokers (50%), had hypertension (57,3%), had no diabetes melitus (82,9%), and had normal cholesterol levels (72%). The results of the bivariate analysis with the chi-square test showed that factors related with CHD were age (p=0,007), gender (p=0,004), physical activity (p=0,022), smoking habits (p=0,009), hypertension (p=0,017), diabetes melitus (p=0,032), and cholesterol levels (p=0,003). There is no relationship between family history (p=0,734) and incidence of CHD. Recommendations for people of productive age to control the risk factors of CHD by regularly doing physical activity, not smoking, and periodically checking for blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels.