| dc.description.abstract | Supply chain efficiency not only depends on technical aspects, but is also strongly
influenced by human factors such as physical conditions, workload, and work
environment. In small industries, ergonomic aspects are often ignored, even
though they have a major effect on productivity and business sustainability. This
study aims to evaluate the efficiency of supply chain activities at Ponimin Tofu
Business Unit by considering human factors through an ergonomic approach. The
production system used is make to stock, which demands daily production
activities and causes a high physical workload, risking to reduce long-term
efficiency. The method used is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with an output
oriented BCC (Variable Return to Scale) approach. There are 12 decision-making
units (DMUs) analyzed using two inputs and six outputs which are divided into
two indicators, namely micro ergonomics and macro ergonomics indicators. Data
were obtained through a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and
reliability and supported by field observations. The results show that 8 out of 12
DMUs are in an efficient condition (score = 1), while 4 DMUs are not yet efficient
(score < 1), influenced by high workload, lack of ergonomic tools, and absence of
standard work procedures. Sensitivity analysis shows that physical ergonomics
has more influence on efficiency (average score of 0.927) than macro ergonomics
(0.962). Therefore, improvements are focused on improving ergonomic conditions
through task rotation to divide the workload fairly and equitably, providing
ergonomic work equipment that matches workers' anthropometry, safety
education, and strengthening communication and a collaborative teamwork
culture. This research confirms the importance of human factors in improving
supply chain efficiency, especially in the small business sector. | en_US |
