Pengaruh Ekstrak Ginkgo Biloba terhadap Perubahan MnSOD dan IL8 pada Pasien Retinopati Diabetik Non-Proliferatif pasca Terapi Intravitreal Ranibizumab

Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults. Oxidative stress and inflammation play critical roles in DR pathogenesis, with Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) serving as an oxidative stress biomarker and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) as an inflammatory mediator. Intravitreal ranibizumab therapy effectively reduces neovascularization but is associated with side effects such as macular edema. Ginkgo Biloba extract (EGB) possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, yet its role as an adjuvant therapy in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) post-ranibizumab has not been explored. This study aims to evaluate the effect of EGB on changes in MnSOD, IL-8, and clinical parameters (visual acuity, intraocular pressure/IOP, and macular thickness) in NPDR patients following ranibizumab therapy.