Analisis Sanitasi Dasar Rumah Tangga dan Personal Hygiene Keluarga pada Kawasan Aliran Sungai Deli di Kecamatan Medan Barat Tahun 2024

Abstract

Sanitation and personal hygiene are major factors in maintaining human health and preventing the spread of disease. A dirty and unhealthy environment can be a source of many diseases, so good sanitation is necessary to protect the community. Good personal hygiene also plays a role in improving individual well-being, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to analyse basic household sanitation and family personal hygiene. This study used a descriptive method. The population consisted of 250 families residing in the Deli River Watershed area in Medan Barat Sub-district, which in determining the research sample using the Slovin formula, then obtained 72 household heads consisting of fathers, mothers, and children. Data were collected through observation and questionnaires. The results showed that 73.6% of households in the Deli Watershed Area, West Medan Sub-district experienced water quality problems, such as smelly, coloured, and tasted water, while only 26.4% had clean water according to health standards. In terms of latrines, 84.7% of households use unhealthy latrines, either no latrines, or direct disposal into the river, while only 15.3% have healthy latrines. In terms of wastewater disposal, 98.6% of households do not fulfil sanitation standards such as not having SPAL, and only 1.4% have closed drains according to standards. All households (100%) did not have waste bins that met health requirements, reflecting the low awareness and waste management facilities. In terms of personal hygiene, 93.1% of households met hygiene standards, but there were problems with dental hygiene (9.7%), hair (15.3%), skin (6.9%), and hands and nails (11.1%) that could increase the risk of infection. Improved sanitation facilities such as PDAM installations, waste bins, education, and counselling for environmental health are needed.