Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Aksesi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Lokal Samosir di Kabupaten Samosir terhadap Perlakuan Kolkisin

Abstract

Samosir local shallot is one of the superior commodities in North Sumatra that has advantages such as fragrant aroma, lighter color but has bulbs that tend to be small so that it is less attractive to farmers. Therefore, to overcome these problems, genetic engineering efforts are needed in shallots in the form of genetic mutation with colchicine. This study aims to indentify the growth and production response of some local Samosir shallots accessions in Samosir Regency on colchicine aplication. This research was conducted at the screen house of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara in August-December 2024. Using a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with 2 Factors and 3 Repeatations. The first factor was shallot accession (Pasaran, Siboro, and Dosroha). The second factor was the concentration of colchicine (0; 200; 400; and 600 ppm). The results showed that accession Dosroha produced plant length 4-6 weeks after planting, number of leaves 5-6 weeks after planting, bulb diameter, number of bulbs, shoot wet weight, shoot dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight, bulb wet weight, bulb dry weight and bulb grading 1 which were significantly higher than Pasaran and Siboro accessions. Colchicine concentration of 400 ppm produced the number of leaves 2-6 weeks after planting, bulb diameter, bulb wet weight, bulb dry weight, and bulb grading 1 which were significantly higher than other concentrations. Interaction between the Siboro accession and a colchicine concentration of 400 ppm resulted bulb diameter, bulb grading 1, harvest index, and bulb dry weight which were significanly higher than other interactions.