Berbagai Bentuk Practice case Koeksistensi Manusia-Orangutan untuk Diadaptasi pada Habitat Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis)

Abstract

The Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is a Critically Endangered species. During certain seasons, this species often forages and nests on community lands. Conflicts that arise can cause economic losses for the community and also threaten the conservation of the Tapanuli orangutan, whose population is very limited. The involvement of all parties is necessary to mitigate and manage conflicts in a sustainable manner. The study of various practice case bentuks of human-orangutan co-existence can be a strategy in minimizing conflict and providing economic opportunities for the community. One of the strategies to minimize conflict is by studying various practice case bentuks of human-orangutan co-existence. This study aims to identify locations where there are human-orangutan co-existence practice cases to be adapted to the Tapanuli orangutan habitat and to study various bentuks of human-orangutan co-existence to be adapted to the Tapanuli orangutan habitat. Using field survey and interview methods, this study analyzed that orangutans, although often perceived as a threat to society due to their interaction with agricultural land, actually have significant benefits for nature and the surrounding ecosystem. The results showed that the human-orangutan co-existence practice case locations to be adapted to the Tapanuli orangutan habitat are the Sumatran orangutan in Bukit Lawang and the Sumatran orangutan in Ketambe village because these two locations are located in Sumatra and Aceh with tropical forest ecosystems that have similarities to the Tapanuli orangutan in Batang Toru. In addition, Bukit Lawang and Ketambe have relatively good human-orangutan co-existence practices, involving local communities in habitat conservation and management. In addition, the human-orangutan co-existence bentuk that can be adapted to the Tapanuli orangutan habitat integrates three main aspects, namely orangutan habitat conservation, sustainability-based ecotourism development, and the establishment of animal corridors to maintain ecosystem connectivity.