Analisis Tata Guna Lahan Sempadan Danau Toba di Kabupaten Toba Sebelum dan Sesudah Geopark

Abstract

This study discusses the analysis of land use in the buffer zone of Lake Toba in Toba Regency before and after its designation as a Geopark. The research aims are: 1) To analyze the condition of the buffer zone of Lake Toba before its designation as a UNESCO Global Geopark. 2) To analyze land use conditions in the buffer zone of Lake Toba based on the spatial planning guidelines of Toba Samosir Regency Regulation No. 12 of 2017. 3) To analyze the current land use conditions in the buffer zone of Lake Toba in Toba Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with overlay and spatial analysis methods, utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) software ArcGis 10.8 and remote sensing technology with ENV software. The study found that before its designation as a UNESCO Geopark, the Lake Toba area faced several issues such as land conversion, reduced vegetation, erosion, water pollution, and poorly coordinated management. The study also revealed that Toba Samosir Regency Regulation No. 12 of 2017 has regulated land use around Lake Toba strictly to protect the ecosystem and support sustainable development. However, enforcement and monitoring still face many challenges that require more serious attention. After Lake Toba’s designation as a UNESCO Geopark, land management and use in the buffer zone showed significant changes, with positive impacts on conservation efforts and sustainable tourism development. Nevertheless, challenges related to monitoring, pollution, and policy consistency remain. This designation presents a great opportunity for the ecological, social, and economic sustainability of the Lake Toba region.