Pengembangan Model Agroforestri dalam Rangka Koeksistensi Manusia-Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis)

Abstract

The conflict between humans and orangutans continues to increase in several villages around the conservation forest, Batang Toru Landscape, especially in South Tapanuli Regency. One of the strategies to minimize conflict is to intensify community land, including through the development of agroforestry. This research aims to identify the types of agroforestry plants, examine the agroforestry planting pattern, identify the types of agroforestry plants that cause and do not cause the Tapanuli Orangutan-human conflict as well as study the agroforestry model that can adapt the interests of the Tapanuli Orangutan community. The methods used are descriptive observation, interview and vegetation analysis method. The research results show that there are 12 types of agroforestry plants in Bulu Mario Village with 127 individuals, in Aek Nabara Village 8 types with 178 individuals, and in Simaninggir Village there are 18 types with 184 individuals. Planting patterns in Bulu Mario Village, Aek Nabara Village and Simaninggir Village are mixed patterns that are managed freely and varied so that the arrangement is irregular. The agroforestry plants that caused the Tapanuli Orangutan-human conflict in the three villages consisted of Aren (Arenga pinnata), Durian (Durio zibethinus), Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum), Petai (Parkia speciosa), and Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Plants that do not cause conflict are Pineapple (Areca catechu), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), Coffee (Coffea sp.), and Meranti (Shorea sp.). The agroforestry model that adapts the interests of the community and Tapanuli Orangutans is a mixed agroforestry that allows the creation of coexistence.