Kandungan Logam Berat Pb pada Air, Sedimen, Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di ›crairan Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal that can endanger aquatic organisms. This metal originates from human activities such as industrial operations, shipping, and household waste. This study aims to determine the concentration of lead (Pb) in water, sediment, and blood cockles (Anadara granosa) in the waters of Batubara, North Sumatra Province, and to analyze the correlation among Pb content in the three sample types. The research was conducted from July to December 2024 at three observation stations. Samples were collected from each station, and water quality parameters such as temperature, brightness, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured. Pb content was analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) at the Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Riau. The results showed that the average Pb content in water was 0.017 ppm at Station 1, 0.091 ppm at Station 2, and 0.114 ppm at Station 3. In sediment, the highest Pb concentration was found at Station 2 (0.955 ppm), followed by Station 1 (0.493 ppm) and Station 3 (0.294 ppm). In blood cockles, the highest Pb content was found at Station 1 (0.222 ppm), followed by Station 3 (0.185 ppm), and the lowest at Station 2 (0.087 ppm). Regression analysis showed a very strong correlation between Pb content in water and sediment (r = 0.9096), a very weak correlation between water and blood cockles (r = 0.0781), and a weak correlation between sediment and blood cockles (r = 0.1982). In conclusion, the highest Pb concentration was found in sediment, and blood cockles can be used as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments.