Analisis Determinan Variabel Ekonomi Makro dan Tata Kelola Negara Dalam Mempengaruhi GDP pada 5 Negara Asean Tahun 2010-2023

Abstract

Economic growth in ASEAN countries has shown positive progress, but is still affected by various structural challenges. Macroeconomic factors such as inflation, FDI, and exchange rates play an important role in driving GDP, but have not fully guaranteed sustainable growth. On the other hand, the quality of state governance such as political stability, rule of law, and corruption control are also determining factors in creating a conducive economic climate. Therefore, it is important to examine the combined effect of macroeconomic and governance variables on economic growth in the ASEAN region. his study aims to analyze the influence of inflation, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), exchange rate, political stability, rule of law, and control of corruption on national income in five ASEAN countries from 2010 to 2023. In this research, panel data is used to examine the impact of these variables on GDP in the five ASEAN countries. The analytical method employed is panel regression with a Fixed Effects Model (FEM) approach. The data used are sourced from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank. The results show that inflation has a negative effect on GDP, while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the exchange rate have a positive effect on GDP in ASEAN countries. However, political stability and rule of law do not have a significant effect on GDP. Meanwhile, control of corruption has a negative effect on GDP.