Pengaruh Diversifikasi Pendapatan Dan Penguasaan Sumber Daya Lahan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Petani Kopi Kabupaten Simalungun

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of income diversification and land control on the welfare of coffee farmers in Simalungun. This research employs a quantitative approach with the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method, using data collected through a questionnaire from 100 coffee farmers in Simalungun Regency during December 2024 to February 2025. The results of the research show that all variables affecting welfare have a positive relationship; however, there are some variables that show insignificant results. Income diversification and land control demonstrate positive and significant results for the income of coffee farmers in Simalungun, while land control also shows a positive and significant effect on the welfare of coffee farmers in Simalungun. Additionally, the results of the Indirect Effect, namely diversification on welfare through income and land control on welfare through income show similarly positive but not significant results. The implementation of income diversification and land control among coffee plantation farmers can be an important step in improving the welfare of farmers in Simalungun. The implications of this research is the importance of policies that support coffee farmers in strengthening land control and increasing access to productive resources. In addition, more effective and sustainable income diversification strategies are needed to help coffee farmers enhance their welfare.