Penentuan Profil Bioautografi Antioksidan Crude Extract dan Fraksi Sisa dari Fraksinasi Bertingkat Daun Pugun Tano (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour)

Abstract

Background: Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour) is a wild plant member of the genus picria, a member of the Linderniaceae tribe that has the ability to be used as a source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidants are polar compounds that can help humans to protect the body from free radical attacks. Bioautography thin layer chromatography (KLT) test was conducted to identify active compounds that have activity as antioxidants. Objective: To determine the antioxidant activity of crude extract and residual fraction of puguntano leaves (Picria fel-terrae Lour) using thin layer chromatography (KLT) Bioautography method. Methods: This research was conducted experimentally which includes the stages of preparing puguntano leaf samples, phytochemical screening, characterization of simplisia and extracts, fractionation, and antioxidant tests by thin layer chromatogaphy (KLT) bioautography. Results: The simplicia characterization of puguntano leaves obtained water content of 7,98%, water soluble extract content of 20,8%, ethanol soluble extract content of 9,23%, total ash content of 1,87%, and acid insoluble ash content of 0.3%. Characterization of the ethanol extract of puguntano leaves obtained water content of 9,28%, total ash content of 0,13%, and acid insoluble ash content of 0.09%. Phytochemical screening of simplisia and puguntano leaf extract contains flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids and tannins. The residual fraction screening results contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The results of the antioxidant activity test by KLT Bioautography showed that the residual fraction using ethyl acetate : methanol (9:1) mobile phase was the most effective as an antioxidant, with Rf value Rf1 0,61, Rf2 0,75 dan Rf3 0,87 Conclusion: Crude extract and residual fraction of puguntano leaves have antioxidant activity by KLT Bioautography method. The residual fraction has the most effective antioxidant activity.