Optimasi Parameter Proses Permesinan pada Mesin CNC Milling Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

This research was initiated due to the growing demand for efficiency and surface quality in the manufacturing industry, especially in surface roughness using CNC milling machines. This study aims to optimize the machining parameters of the CNC milling process to minimize surface roughness on aluminum 6061 material. The method used is Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD), involving three independent variables: spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Experiments were conducted using a VMC640 CNC milling machine, and surface roughness measurements were carried out with a Mitutoyo SJ-210 tester. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that all parameters had a significant effect on surface roughness, with feed rate being the most dominant factor. The resulting quadratic regression model had an R² value of 98.15%, adjusted R² of 94.81%, and predicted R² of 82.21%, indicating a high level of model accuracy and reliability. The optimal combination was found at a spindle speed of 1785.86 rpm, a feed rate of 181.31 mm/min, and a depth of cut of 1.13 mm, producing a minimum surface roughness of 0.1519 µm. In conclusion, the RSM method with Box-Behnken Design is effective in optimizing CNC milling parameters to achieve superior surface quality.