Efek Ekstrak Etanol Buah Nipah (Nypa fruticans) Terhadap Kadar PI3K Dan TNF-α pada Tikus Putih Galur Wistar Jantan Model Obesitas

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by excess fat accumulation and chronic inflammation, leading to increased risk of insulin resistance and metabolic complications. Natural products such as Nypa fruticans fruit extract (EEBN) contain bioactive compounds that may exert anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of molecular pathways like PI3K/Akt and NF-κB. Objective: To analyze the effects of Ethanolic Extract of Nipa Palm Fruit (EEBN) on body weight, TNF-α levels, and PI3K expression in male Wistar rats induced with a high-fat diet. Methods: This experimental study used a post-test control group design. Male Wistar rats were induced with a high-fat diet for 2 weeks to establish an obesity model. The treatment consisted of ethanol extract of Nypa fruticans fruit (EEBN) at doses of 250 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW, administered for 14 days. Observed parameters included changes in body weight, abdominal circumference, and serum levels of PI3K and TNF-α, measured using ELISA. Data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. Results: Administration of EEBN significantly reduced body weight at both doses (p < 0.05), while changes in abdominal circumference were not statistically significant. PI3K levels were higher in the treatment groups, and TNF-α levels were lower on average, although these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Nypa fruticans fruit shows potential anti-obesity effects by reducing body weight and modulating PI3K and TNF-α levels.