Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) dan Biosaka terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Abstract

Shallot is a superior vegetable commodity cultivated intensively by farmers. Farmers' interest in shallot cultivation is high; however, the increase in the supply of organic shallot production remains limited. The continuous and inefficient use of chemical fertilizers can lead to soil degradation and a decline in the quality of shallot production. Therefore, it is recommended to use organic fertilizers that can improve soil quality and produce organic shallot products. This study aimed to determine the effect of Paitan liquid organic fertilizer and Biosaka on the growth and yield of shallot plants. The study was conducted at Gang Kenanga 2, Jamin Ginting Street km 11.5, Medan Tuntungan Subdistrict, Medan City, North Sumatra, from January to March 2025, using a Randomized Complite Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. Factor 1 was Paitan liquid organic fertilizer (P) (0; 200; 400; 600 ml/polybag). Factor 2 was Biosaka concentration (B) (0; 1.3; 2.6; 4 ml/L of water). The results showed that the application of Paitan liquid organic fertilizer significantly affected all observed parameters except the harvest index and relative growth rate of shallot plants, with the best results obtained at 600 ml/polybag. The application of Biosaka did not significantly affect all observed parameters except for plant height at 3 weeks after planting (WAP) and the number of tillers at 3-4 WAP. The interaction between Paitan liquid organic fertilizer and Biosaka did not significantly affect any observed parameters.