Analisis Hukum Kebijakan Naturalisasi Pemain Sepak Bola oleh FIFA terhadap Hubungan Bilateral PSSI dan KNVB

Abstract

The naturalization of football players is a global phenomenon influenced by legal, political, and social dimensions. FIFA, as the international governing body of football, plays a crucial role in regulating this practice through its binding FIFA Statutes. This research is motivated by the increasing trend of player naturalization in Indonesia and the bilateral cooperation between the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB). It addresses three main questions: (1) What is the legal status of the FIFA Statutes as binding international instruments? (2) How does FIFA regulate the naturalization policy for football players? and (3) What are the implications of this policy on the bilateral agreement between PSSI and KNVB? The study adopts a normative juridical method with a conceptual and comparative approach. The data were collected through library research involving a comprehensive literature review of FIFA legal documents, national legislation, bilateral cooperation agreements between PSSI and KNVB, and relevant academic sources. This research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of international legal dynamics in sports and its role in advancing inter-association diplomacy.

The results show that the FIFA Statute has a position as a legal instrument that is binding for its members, even though it does not fulfill all the formal criteria of an international agreement according to the 1986 Vienna Convention. In terms of naturalization policy, FIFA regulates strict provisions through the principle of legal citizenship attachment and the continuity of the player's relationship with the country represented. This policy has implications for the formation of bilateral cooperation between PSSI and KNVB which encourages the acceleration of naturalization of diaspora players and strengthens collaboration in the development of national football and youth coaching.