Hubungan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan Gangguan Pendengaran Berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Otoacoustic Emission dan Audiometri Nada Murni

Abstract

Background. The incidence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has increased in the last decade and is estimated to increase to 642 million by 2040. The main mechanism of hearing loss in diabetes is related to microangiopathy and neuropathy in the inner ear. Hearing loss in patients with T2DM is also exacerbated by poor glycemic control. Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) can be used to assess at the cochlear level and the auditory nerve level. Purpose. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between T2DM and hearing loss based on OAE and Pure Tone Audiometry examinations. Methods. The research was analytical with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all T2DM patients in the Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Division, H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. The sampling method used was consecutive sampling with a minimum sample size of 32. The data used were primary data obtained by filling out a questionnaire and OAE and pure tone examinations that met the inclusion criteria to become respondents. The data were then analyzed using the SPSS computer program. Results. There was no significant correlation between the duration of suffering from DMT2 with hearing threshold (p=0.163) or with the results of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE) at all frequencies (p>0.05). Conclusion. There is no significant relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and hearing loss.