Pemanfaatan Buah Jernang (Daemonorops draco) untuk Pewarnaan Tekstil dengan Pendekatan Metode Ekstraksi dan Jenis Mordan

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the potential of jernang resin as a textile dye and to determine the most effective type of extraction and mordant. The method used in this study was RAL (Completely Randomized Design) with a two-factorial design. The tests carried out included tests of wood chemical components, yield, antioxidants, phenolic content, UV absorbance, antibacterial properties, color fastness, and phytochemical analysis of jernang resin. The dry extract test of jernang was carried out using 2 methods, namely hotplate with an average yield of 2.83% and brewing which had an average yield of 2.94%. The results of phytochemical tests showed that jernang resin contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins, which contribute to its coloring potential and bioactive properties. The antioxidant value of jernang ranged from 82.89% - 87.27% with a phenolic value on the hotplate of 59.59% GAE and brewing 66.11% GAE. In addition, antibacterial tests on Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria showed that jernang resin has an inhibitory power on P. acnes bacteria with the hotplate method of 15.5 mm, and the brewing method of 16 mm, while the inhibitory power on S. aureus bacteria with the hotplate method is 16.6 mm, and the brewing method is 18.4 mm. The ΔE value on the dyed fabric ranges from 9.79 - 16.65 with the highest ΔE value found in fabrics with the SA code of around 16.65 and the lowest ΔE value found in fabrics with the HC code of around 9.79. While ecoprint fabrics have a ΔE value ranging from 4.06 - 4.89 with the highest ΔE value found in fabrics with the SB code and the lowest ΔE value found in fabrics with the SC code. In the UV test, jernang is able to ward off UV A and UV B rays.