Perbedaan Pelepasan Ion Nikel pada Kawat Nikel Titanium setelah Perendaman di Dalam Saliva Buatan dan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava Linn) 100 ppm selama 10, 20, dan 30 Hari

Abstract

Nickel-titanium arch wires are often used and the use of arch wires in oral cavity has the potential for nickel ion release because the pH factor of saliva is an ideal environment for metal biodegradation to occur. Nickel ion release during the use of arch wires in oral cavity is difficult to prevent because it is hard to find a very stable material. The use of organic inhibitor as one way to protect metals, including guava leaf extract because it contains the active compound tannin. The aim of this research is to determine the difference in nickel ion release on nickel-titanium arch wire after immersion in artificial saliva and 100 ppm guava leaf extract at the same immersion time for 10, 20, 30 days, also to determine the difference in nickel ion release on nickel-titanium arch wire after immersion for 10, 20, 30 days in each artificial saliva and 100 ppm guava leaf extract. The type of research is a laboratory experimental with a post-test only group design. The sample is nickel-titanium arch wire with 0,016 inches diameter, round in shape, and 5 cm long. The research sample is 30 (n = 5 per group), which are divided into 6 groups, namely immersion in artificial saliva for 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, and immersion in 100 ppm guava leaf extract for 10 days, 20 days, 30 days. Each group was immersed in incubator at 37oC, then tested using ICP-OES. The lowest mean value is in group VI with a value of 0,000014 ± 0,000001 mg/L. The highest mean value is in group II with a value of 0,003878 ± 0,000692 mg/L. Two-way ANOVA statistical test shows that there is a difference between the type of immersion solutions with p value = 0,000 (p < 0,05), also there is no difference between immersion times with p value = 0,070 (p > 0,05). Tukey HSD post-hoc test shows that there are differences between groups I and IV, II and V, III and VI with p value = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Thus, it can be concluded that the immersion of nickel-titanium arch wires in 100 ppm guava leaf extract is proven to be effective in reducing the nickel ion release.