Uji Aktivitas Penghambat Enzim Tirosinase Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.)

Abstract

Background: The increase in hyperpigmentation cases globally has led to the need for skin lightening agents, especially those based on natural ingredients. Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.), a typical North Sumatera plant that is traditionally used as a medicine by the local community, but has not been widely studied regarding its potential as a brightening agent through the mechanism of tyrosinase enzyme inhibition. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the levels of total phenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of puguntano leaves. Method: Determination of total phenolic content was carried out using FolinCiocalteu reagent, while total flavonoid content was measured using AlCl₃ reagent. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method.The tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity was tested. Results: The results of the research showed that the ethanol extract of puguntano leaves had a total phenolic content (TPC) was 238.39 ± 5.96 mg GAE/g extract and a total flavonoid content (TFC) was 9.77 ± 0.08 mg QE/g extract. Antioxidant activity test of ethanol extract of puguntano leaves using DPPH method resulted in IC₅₀ value was 38.99 ± 0.39 μg/mL, while tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity test resulted in IC₅₀ value was 16,149.55 μg/mL. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and showed strong antioxidant activity, but the inhibitory activity against tyrosinase enzyme was very weak.