Sintesis Hidrogel Komposit Selulosa Karboksimetil Kulit Durian Dengan Penambahan Grafena Oksida Dan Tio2 Sebagai Adsorben Metilen Biru

Abstract

The synthesis of a composite hydrogel based on carboxymethyl cellulose derived from durian rind, combined with PVA-ALG polymer, and supplemented with fillers in the form of graphene oxide and TiO₂ at varying concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%, has been successfully carried out through a physical cross-linking process involving freeze–thaw cycles and ionic gelation. The hydrogels produced in this study were subsequently characterized to examine their surface morphology and elemental composition, functional group analysis, thermal stability, water absorption capacity, and methylene blue adsorption performance. The results indicate that the incorporation of GO and TiO₂ fillers into the hydrogel tends to refine and reduce the pore size on the hydrogel surface, with TiO₂ visibly present in SEM images and EDX spectra. Furthermore, the addition of GO and TiO₂ fillers enhances the absorption bands in the IR spectra. Hydrogel samples containing GO and TiO₂ also demonstrated improved thermal stability, as evidenced by the insignificant weight loss observed in the TGA thermograms. This study found that the addition of GO and TiO₂ fillers tends to decrease the DSA of the hydrogel, with the H0 sample exhibiting the highest DSA value of 170.5%. The H8 hydrogel sample demonstrated high adsorption performance, with an adsorption capacity of 33.25 mg/g and an adsorption efficiency of 65.6%.