Rancangan Kursi Transfer Elektrik dan Alat Bantu Buang Air Bagi Lansia (Studi Kasus di Panti Jompo Yayasan Harapan Jaya)

Abstract

Manual Handling (MH) refers to any activity that requires physical effort and is performed to lift, lower, push, pull, move, hold, or restrain an object or person. Mobility limitations among the elderly often become a major obstacle in performing basic daily activities, including transferring between locations and toileting. Panti Jompo Yayasan Harapan Jaya, as one of the elderly care institutions in Indonesia that provides holistic care for the elderly, faces a significant issue: the absence of assistive devices to facilitate independent transfers for elderly individuals. This condition has led to physical complaints in several body parts due to manual transfer processes without proper assistance, as evidenced by the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Therefore, a support tool that is not only functional but also ergonomic is highly necessary. This study aims to design an electric transfer chair integrated with a toileting aid to improve user comfort, safety, and independence. The design process employs the Nordic Body Map method to identify discomfort points and potential musculoskeletal risks in the user's body. Anthropometric data is also used to ensure that the chair dimensions correspond to the average physical characteristics of users in Indonesia. The research stages include problem identification, data collection using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, design requirement analysis, and the development of product concepts and a 3D model. The results show that the use of an electric motor in the chair’s drive system facilitates the user’s transfer process from bed to bathroom. Furthermore, the integrated seat design with a built-in toileting feature simplifies the process of excretion without the need for relocation. This product is expected to reduce the risk of injury due to manual movement. With an ergonomic and technological approach, the design offers an innovative solution to enhance the quality of life for individuals with physical limitations. This research also contributes to the development of more adaptive and inclusive assistive product designs.