Kajian Ketahanan Uji Impact dan Tahan Api terhadap Komposit CR-ECC Kerikil Aspal Porous Berbasis Styrofoam, CR, dan CR-Styrofoam

Abstract

Road pavement plays a vital role in transportation infrastructure, but it often experiences quality degradation due to traffic loads and environmental conditions. To address challenges in pavement quality and durability caused by heavy traffic loads and the accumulation of industrial and household waste such as fly ash, palm shell ash, styrofoam, and crumb rubber, innovative pavement materials that are strong, durable, and environmentally friendly are needed. This study aims to examine the impact and fire resistance of CR-ECC (Engineered Cementitious Composite) composites used as grouting in gravel with porous asphalt gravel based on styrofoam, crumb rubber, and crumb rubber-styrofoam. This composite utilizes fly ash and palm shell ash as cementitious materials to support the concept of sustainable construction. The research method involves experiments with four variations of cube-shaped specimens measuring 15x15x15 cm, tested at 3 and 7 days of age. Subsequently, impact testing (10 blows, 11.15 kg load, 457 mm drop height) and fire resistance testing (17-minute burning and temperature measurement at 5 points) were conducted. The test results show that the porous asphalt gravel CR-ECC composite at 3 days of age produced the smallest indentation diameter (46.3 mm) and average depth (4.8 mm) but was prone to cracking after 10 impacts, with cracks appearing at the 4th blow. In the fire resistance test, the porous asphalt gravel variation recorded a temperature of 402.1°C (point 1) at the 17th minute. The addition of styrofoam, crumb rubber, or crumb rubber-styrofoam improved fire resistance, with temperatures reaching 464.8°C (observation point 1 at 3 days for the styrofoam variation), 487.8°C (observation point 1 at 3 days for the crumb rubber variation), and 512.3°C (observation point 1 at 3 days for the crumb rubber-styrofoam variation). Therefore, it can be concluded that there was an increase in crack resistance and temperature resistance due to the additive properties that can withstand impact loads, inhibit asphalt melting, and prevent heat dispersion.