Aspek Hukum Pemberian Kredit Super Mikro Tanpa Jaminan pada PT Bank Sumut Cabang Kisaran

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic that has been raging since 2019 has had a significant economic impact, especially on MSME players. According to data from the Katadata Insight Center (KIC), over 80% of SMEs have experienced a decline in revenue. In response, the government launched an economic recovery program through the Super Micro Credit for Small Businesses (KUR) without collateral, with a maximum limit of Rp10,000,000 and government-subsidized interest rates. PT. Bank Sumut Branch Kisaran is one of the financial institutions disbursing this credit to the public. Although this program expands access to financing, the absence of collateral in the loan agreement poses significant legal risks for the bank if the borrower fails to fulfill their obligations (default). Considering this, the issues discussed are the terms and procedures for granting unsecured super micro loans, their legal implications, and the steps that can be taken by borrowers and lenders in the event of loan defaults at PT. Bank Sumut Branch Kisaran. The research method used is a normative legal research method supported by empirical data. The research specification is descriptive-analytical. The data used consists of primary data obtained through interviews with PT. Bank Sumut Branch Kisaran, as well as secondary data obtained from legal literature, regulations, and related documents. This research uses a legal approach and a conceptual approach to analyze the applicable legal norms. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature review and field study. The results of the research indicate that the provisions and procedures for granting Super Micro Unsecured Loans at PT. Bank Sumut Branch Kisaran have been implemented properly, based on a clear legal foundation and in accordance with banking prudence principles. Although unsecured, the credit mechanism used is sufficiently structured and provides legal protection through a credit agreement. However, this credit facility still carries high legal risks, particularly in cases of borrower default, which could impact the bank's liquidity. Legally, the bank has the right to pursue legal action, but it prioritizes non-litigation approaches such as negotiation and mediation through LAPSPI. In addressing problem loans, efforts are made by borrowers through restructuring proposals, and by creditors through collection, assignment of claims, and collaboration with PT Askrindo for guarantee arrangements. This guarantee demonstrates a preventive strategy in addressing problem loans while maintaining the bank's operational stability and the sustainability of micro businesses.