Perubahan Morfologi dan Agronomi Akibat Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Tanaman Kedelai Hitam [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Varietas Detam-2 pada Generasi M1

Abstract

Black soybean originates from Asia, specifically China, where it is considered a potential source of functional food. Some countries such as Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan have begun to research the functions of black soybeans which are not only used as raw materials for soy sauce but for burgers, ice cream, salads and several other food preparations. This study aims to provide morphological responses and agronomic responses in the M1 generation through gamma irradiation treatment. This research was conducted in the field of Gang Susuk VIII no. 3, Padang Bulan, Selayang I, Medan City, North Sumatra with an altitude of ± 32 meters above sea level. This research was conducted from December 2024 to May 2025. This study used the Randomized Group Design method with a single factor, namely the dose of gamma rays G0 (0 Gy), G1 (50 Gy), G2 (100 Gy), G3 (150 Gy), G4 (200 Gy), and G5 (250 Gy). The results showed that gamma irradiation treatment irradiation treatment had a significant effect on several characters such as plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, harvesting age, number of productive branches, number of filled pods, seed weight and 100 seed weight, but did not have a significant effect on other characters such as stem diameter, flower color, number of stomata, stomatal length, stomata width, and number of empty pods.