Analisis Dinamika Perubahan Mangrove Pesisir di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2004-2023

Abstract

Mangroves have an important role in maintaining the balance of coastal ecosystems, but are experiencing changes due to human activities and natural factors. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of mangrove land cover change in the coastal area of Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, in the period 2004-2023. The research method used Landsat satellite image analysis with classification techniques based on the Random Forest algorithm in Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the dynamics of mangroves over the past 19 years experienced significant changes due to mangrove utilization with land conversion that turned into oil palm, rice fields, settlements, and ponds. The existence of land conversion is due to the interests of the surrounding community to improve the economy and income. However, there is an increase in mangrove area in some areas due to rehabilitation efforts. This study emphasizes the importance of community participation-based management policies to preserve mangrove ecosystems and reduce the impact of environmental degradation.