Pemanfaatan Cangkang Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) sebagai Material Scaffold Carbonat Hidroksiapatit (CHA)

Abstract

The utilization of green mussel shell (Perna viridis) waste as a calcium source for the synthesis of carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHA) scaffolds offers an environmentally friendly alternative in the field of bone tissue engineering. This study aims to fabricate CHA scaffolds from green mussel shells (Perna viridis) and to analyze the CHA present in green mussel shells (Perna viridis) using SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR. The green mussel shells were processed into CaO, then synthesized into CHA through a wet precipitation method. Scaffold fabrication was carried out by adding porogens such as PVA, chitosan, honeycomb, and propolis to produce a porous structure suitable for bone cell growth. Material characterization was performed using SEM-EDX to observe surface morphology and elemental distribution, resulting in a ratio close to natural bone, which is 1.70; XRD to identify the crystal structure and crystallinity level of CHA, yielding a crystallite size at the 2θ peak around 31,8° of approximately 47 nms; and FTIR to confirm the presence of main functional groups in the biocomposite, showing significant absorption bands in the region around 1400–1500 cm⁻¹, indicating carbonate substitution in the hydroxyapatite structure. The fabrication analysis results showed that the CHA scaffold from green mussel shells indicated that the resulting material has approached the requirements set in SNI No. 8616:2019.