Tradisi Pemberian Ulos pada Masyarakat Parmalim : Kajian Antropolinguistik

Abstract

This thesis is entitled “The Tradition of Giving Ulos to the Parmalim Community”. This study aims to analyze the tradition of giving ulos to the Parmalim community using anthropolinguistic theory by Robert Sibarani, with an emphasis on three main aspects, namely performance, indexicality, and participation. This research uses a qualitative method with an interactive data analysis approach that includes data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The research findings show that the performance in the tradition of giving ulos is found in every traditional birth ceremony, namely: (1) mangirdak, (2) mamoholi, and (3) paebathon pahompu, then the traditional wedding ceremony, namely: (1) ulaon unjuk, and the death ceremony, namely (1) sari matua and (2) saur matua not only function as symbolic actions but also cultural communication manifested in traditional speech containing meaningful prayers and advice. Indexicality in this tradition, namely: (1) ulos mangiring, (2) ulos ragi hotang, (3) ulos punsa, (4) ulos bintang maratur, (5) ulos sibolang, (6) ulos sadum, (7) boras si pir ni tondi, (8) ikan mas arsik and other symbols supporting the giving of ulos which produce overall social and cultural meaning in the Parmalim community. Participation in the tradition of giving ulos to the Parmalim community also includes the significant role of the groups (1) hulahula, (2) boru, and (3) dongan Tubu as elements of the Toba Batak social and customary system. Such participation suggests that this tradition is a collective social practice that reflects values such as respect, togetherness and cultural continuity. This research confirms that the gift of ulos to the Parmalim community is a form of cultural communication that strengthens social identity and preserves local wisdom.