Formulasi Tablet Effervescent Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemuning (Murraya paniculata L.): Evaluasi dan Uji Efektivitas Antioksidan dengan Metode DPPH

Abstract

Background: Kemuning leaves (Murraya paniculata L.) contain flavonoids compounds that have activity as antioxidants. Formulation of ethanol extract of kemuning leaves in the form of effervescent tablets can maximize the potential of traditional medicine, with the practical advantage of being easy to consume because it dissolves quickly in water so as to increase the absorption of drugs by the body. Objective: To formulate the ethanol extract of kemuning leaves in the form of effervescent tablets, prove whether the effervescent tablet preparation meets the evaluation requirements, and determine the effect of variations in the concentration of kemuning leaf extract on the effectiveness of antioxidants using the DPPH method. Method: Extraction of kemuning leaves was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent, then phytochemical screening and characterization of simplisia and ethanol extract of kemuning leaves were carried out. Furthermore, antioxidant activity testing of ethanol extract of kemuning leaves was carried out using the DPPH silencing method by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Effervescent tablets were formulated using wet granulation method with variations in extract concentrations of 50 mg (F1); 100 mg (F2); and 150 mg (F3). The effervescent tablets obtained were tested for physical quality evaluation including weight uniformity test, size uniformity test, friability test, hardness test, dissolution time test and pH test. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of effervescent tablets was tested using the DPPH inhibition method by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: Ethanol extract of kemuning leaves has antioxidant activity with a very strong category, with an IC50 value of 26,75 µg/mL. All effervescent tablet formulas met the quality requirements with an average weight of 2,98-2,99 mg; thickness between 0,719-0,72 cm and diameter between 1,97-1,98 cm; friability between 0.53%-0.65%; hardness between 5,62-6,14 kg; dissolving time between 119-153,66 seconds and pH between 6,05-6,27. Antioxidant activity of effervescent tablets of ethanol extract of kemuning leaves with IC50 values of 138,4 µg/mL (F1); 96,64 µg/mL (F2); 76,14 µg/mL (F3). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of kemuning leaves has antioxidant activity with a very strong category and can be formulated into effervescent tablet preparations that meet quality evaluation requirements. Effervescent tablets of kemuning leaf extract have moderate to strong antioxidant activity with 150 mg kemuning leaf extract formula (F3) as the most optimal formula.