Distribusi Tegangan dan Persepsi Rasa Sakit pada Linggir Tajam dengan Soft Denture Liners Gigi Tiruan Lengkap dan Arah Beban Pengunyahan Berbeda Menggunakan Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

Edentulism which generally occurs in old adulthood has an impact on general and oral health, especially mastication and has quite a large prevalence in the Asian race. Complete Denture (CD) is still the most widely used traditional prosthodontic treatment to replace missing teeth and supporting structures. The condition of the ridge as one of the supporting structures for dentures has proven to be a clinical challenge in making a good denture, especially if it has experienced continuous resorption and changed the morphology of the ridge. When resorption in the buccal or lingual area is greater than the crestal area, the residual ridge tends to be thin and sharp, causing trauma to the mucosa, pain and ongoing ridge resorption when subjected to large masticatory loads if it exceeds the pressure-pain threshold (PPT). To overcome this, several prosthodontic approaches can be used, such as using a Soft Denture Liner (SDL). The addition of SDL which is positioned between the denture base and the underlying soft tissue will act as a cushion that provides a "cushion effect" when the denture receives mastication loads. Selection of the ideal SDL material for knife- edge conditions can be done in-silico with finite element analysis (FEA). FEA is increasingly in demand because modeling can be made as close as possible to original conditions. This study aims to analyze the stress distribution and pain perception on knife-edges with SDL CD and different masticatory load directions. The FEA test results show that when the CD with the addition of SDL made from acrylic and silicon receives a load of 100 N directed axially or obliquely, it produces stress distribution values below the PPT. Complete dentures without adding SDL act as a negative control where the highest stress distribution concentration value in the axial direction does not exceed the PPT while in the oblique direction it far exceeds the PPT. This study provides a slightly different picture from the theoretical basis of how the masticatory load is distributed in the condition of knife-edges under the CD with the addition of various SDLs in reducing pain in denture wearers due to the inability to include the viscous value (loss modulus) of acrylic-based SDLs in the data library so that acrylic-based SDL shows higher stress distribution values than silicon-based SDL in both axial and oblique directions.