Sebaran Jenis Ficus di Stasiun Penelitian Sikundur Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser

Abstract

This study aims to identify plant species of the Ficus genus (Moraceae) and analyze their distribution patterns at Sikundur Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park. The Ficus genus has high ecological value as a food provider for wildlife, including Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii), and plays a role in maintaining the stability of forest ecosystems. Data collection was carried out using the exploration method with purposive sampling technique on an area of ± 500 hectares and species identification was carried out directly in the field. The results showed that there were 14 species of Ficus with a total of 100 individuals found, with two forms of growth, namely tree and strangler (hemiepiphyte). Analysis of distribution patterns using the standardized Morisita index resulted in a Morisita degree value of 0, indicating a random distribution pattern. This pattern is thought to be influenced by environmental factors, as well as the role of seed dispersing animals such as birds and frugivorous mammals. Ficus microcarpa is the species with the highest density of 0.046 ind/ha.