Sintesis Isoamil Miristat dari Asam Miristat pada Variasi Waktu dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Menggunakan Alat Pendispersi Homogen

Abstract

Synthesis of isoamyl myristate from the esterification reaction between myristic acid and isoamyl alcohol with sulfuric acid catalyst using a homogeneous dispersing tool at room temperature has been carried out at variations of reaction time and stirring speed. The variations of reaction time are 0.5 minutes, 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes, and variations of stirring speed are 250 rpm, 500 rpm, 1000 rpm, 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm, and 5000 rpm. The conversion of myristic acid to isoamyl myristate was determined by alkalimetric titration based on changes in acid numbers before and after reaction based on SNI 7709:2012 and confirmation of changes in functional groups was determined by FT-IR spectrophotometer and the formation of isoamyl myristate with GC-MS. Based on the two variations that have been carried out, the optimum reaction conditions at a reaction time of 1 minute and a stirring speed of 4000 rpm with a conversion of reaction results of 99,47 ± 0,17% and a yield percentage of 85,29 ± 0,25%. The formation of isoamyl myristate is indicated by a change in the functional group of carboxylic acid from myristic acid to isoamyl myristate, which is sure from C = O carboxylate (1286.8 cm-1) to -C = O stretching ester at a wave number of 1736.9 cm-1 and the stretching vibration group of the -OH group of carboxylic acid is no longer detected at a wave number of 3300-2400 cm-1 and is supported by the absorption band stretching -C-O-C ester at a wave number of 1162.9 cm-1. The GC-MS results show a molecular ion peak at m/z 298 which indicates the molecular weight of isoamyl myristate and a base peak at m/z 70 so that it can be concluded that there has been a substitution process of isoamyl to the H atom of the carboxylic acid group of myristic acid.