Penerapan Statistical Quality Control untuk Mengendalikan Jumlah Bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Sumatera Utara Tahun 2021-2023

Abstract

Low birth weight (LBW) cases remain a problem in developing countries. Indonesia, as a developing country, still faces the challenge of low birth weight (LBW) as a public health issue, especially in rural areas with limited access to health facilities. This situation is particularly relevant in North Sumatra, where many remote areas face difficulties in accessing adequate healthcare services. These limitations are exacerbated by low levels of education and a lack of public awareness regarding the importance of nutrition during pregnancy. This contributes to the high rate of babies born with low birth weight (LBW). Low birth weight (LBW) increases the risk of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to observe and conclude which districts/cities in North Sumatra have LBW rates that are outside the control limits. It also seeks to identify districts/cities in North Sumatra that require further evaluation regarding the issue of LBW. The method used is Statistical Quality Control using average control charts (X̄) and range (R). The study used a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analysis results showed a central line value for the X̄ control chart of 40.323 with an upper control limit (UCL) of 93.953 and a lower control limit (LCL) of -13.307. Meanwhile, the calculation of the R control chart yielded a central line value of 52.424 with an upper control limit (UCL) of 134.992 and a lower control limit (LCL) of 0. From the analysis results, it can be concluded that the X̄ and R control charts are still in an uncontrolled state, as evidenced by the control chart showing several points outside the control limits (out of control).