Kajian Distinctiveness pada Pengembangan Geowisata Kecamatan Merek

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the factors of distinctiveness (uniqueness) in the development of geotourism in Merek District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra, and to formulate development strategies based on that uniqueness. Geotourism, which focuses on geological, ecological, and cultural heritage, has great potential to improve community welfare while also preserving nature conservation. This research employs a mixed methods approach with both quantitative and qualitative methods through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and secondary data analysis. Research findings indicate that geological aspects are the main advantage of geotourism in Merek District, such as Lake Toba Caldera, Gajah Bobok Hill, and Sipiso-piso Waterfall (120 meters high with andesite volcanic rock). Ecological factors, such as biodiversity and educational trekking activities, also contribute significantly to increasing tourists' awareness of environmental conservation. Meanwhile, cultural aspects, including traditional Ulos weaving motifs inspired by nature and community participation in local rituals and tourism management, strengthen the regional identity. Quantitative data analysis (n=100 respondents) reveals that the average value of cultural aspects reaches 4.245, indicating a high appreciation for local uniqueness. However, limitations in infrastructure and promotion pose major challenges. Based on these findings, proposed development strategies include: (1) multi-stakeholder collaboration for harmonizing conservation and geotourism utilization policies, (2) strengthening adaptive management through technology (for example, augmented reality for visitor education), and (3) community empowerment through creative economy training and preservation of traditions. This research emphasizes that the holistic utilization of distinctiveness can strengthen the competitiveness of geotourism, support sustainable development, and preserve natural and cultural heritage. The results are expected to serve as a reference for the government, academics, and local communities in optimizing the potential of geotourism in Merek District.