Analisis Tindak Tutur Direktif dan Ekspresif pada Novel Sang Pemimpi Terjemahan Bahasa Melayu: Kajian Pragmatik

Abstract

This study analyzes directive and expressive speech acts in the Malay translated novel Sang Pemimpi by Saadiah Ali using pragmatic theory. The novel narrates the school years and the struggle to achieve the dreams of three young men named Ikal, Arai, and Jimbron. This research aims to describe the forms of directive and expressive speech acts in the novel. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with pragmatic theory. Data were obtained from the analysis of the characters' utterances in the novel in the form of words or sentences. The results of the research found 115 directive and expressive speech acts. Directive speech acts were found in 88 data, including (10) requesting, (18) commanding, (2) prohibiting, (18) warning, (16) advising, (5) suggesting, (10) urging, and (9) recommending. Expressive speech acts were found in 27 data, including (9) apologizing, (3) thanking, (2) congratulating, (1) expressing condolences, (7) welcoming, and (5) rejecting. Based on the research results, it was found that the dominant directive speech acts were commanding and warning, and the dominant expressive speech act was apologizing. Thus, these two speech acts create the impression of a structured and challenging journey to achieve dreams, where the characters are required to be obedient and vigilant, but also learn from their mistakes and strive to maintain good relationships through remorse and forgiveness, thus producing a realistic portrayal of the struggle rich in social and emotional dynamics.