Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Aging terhadap Morfologi Hidroksiapatit Hasil Sintesis dari Cangkang Telur Bebek (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) melalui Metode Pengendapan Basah

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was successfully synthesized from duck eggshells using the wet precipitation method with aging time variations of 12, 24, and 36 hours. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aging time on the morphology and chemical composition of the resulting HAp. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of phosphate (PO₄³⁻) and hydroxyl (OH⁻) functional groups in all samples, indicating the successful formation of HAp structure. SEM analysis showed that increasing aging time affected the particle size and distribution. The 12-hour sample had a particle size of 384.29 nm with a narrow distribution, while the 36-hour sample exhibited larger particles (526.03 nm) with a broader distribution. The most uniform particle morphology was observed in the 24-hour sample, with a size of 411.13 nm. XRD characterization of the 24-hour sample revealed five major peaks corresponding to the JCPDS standard 09-0432, with a crystallinity degree of 89.71% and a crystallite size of 33.85 nm. The best Ca/P ratio was also found in the 24-hour sample, at 1.71, which closely approaches the stoichiometric ratio of pure HAp. These results indicate that 24 hours of aging produced HAp with a well-ordered crystal structure, uniform morphology, and optimal chemical composition for biomedical applications.