Pengaruh Elektrolit Amonium Klorida Terhadap Kinerja Elektroda Grafena Berlapis Nano dari Cangkang Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd) Pada Katoda Baterai Primer

Abstract

Research on the Effect of Ammonium Chloride Electrolyte on the Performance of Graphene Nano Sheets Electrode from Candlenut Shell (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd) on Primary Battery Cathode has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) electrolyte concentration on GNS-based electrodes on primary battery cathodes, with variations in NH4Cl concentrations of 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; and 3,0M. This research is a laboratory experimental and descriptive research. GNS was synthesized using pyrolysis method, NH4Cl/GNS electrode of each variation was done by stirring method. Analysis of GNS, NH4Cl/GNS electrodes of each variation was carried out using XRD, SEM-EDX, and Multimeter, respectively. The results showed the presence of sharp and slightly broadened peaks at 2θ = 23,02⁰ and 44,27⁰ in the diffraction pattern of GNS, this data proves that GNS was successfully synthesized. The XRD analysis results are also well consistent with SEM-EDX data. Diffraction patterns of NH4Cl/GNS electrodes with varying concentrations of NH4Cl show an increase in intensity at the peak located at 2θ = 32,75⁰, proving that NH4Cl has been deposited into GNS. The presence and abundance of NH4+ and Cl- ions in GNS is proven by SEM-EDX analysis. The electrical conductivity (DHL) data of the NH4Cl 2,5M/GNS electrode has a DHL value (161,9394×10-3 μS/cm), power density (191,167 W.Kg-1) and energy density (111,638 Wh.Kg-1) which is greater than other electrodes. These research data show that the performance of primary battery electrodes can be improved by using the right electrolyte concentration, material type and material composition used in electrodes and chemical interactions that occur in the electrolyte/cathode.