Studi Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Pulau Mursala Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah

Abstract

Mursala Island is located in Tapian Nauli District, Tapanuli Tengah Regency, North Sumatra Province, covering an area of approximately 8,000 hectares. This study aims to identify bird species, analyze species diversity and richness, and determine the distribution patterns of birds found in the Mursala Island area. The method used to determine the research location was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used the point count method in routes I and II (birds in forest habitats) and the exploration/survey method in route III (birds in coastal habitats). The length of the forest bird observation route was 1,400 meters, divided into 7 observation points, with a distance of 200 meters between points and a radius of 30 meters. In total, 43 bird species were found and identified, belonging to 10 orders and 26 families. Of these, 33 species were found in forest habitats (paths I and II) with a total of 100 individuals, while 10 species were found in coastal habitats (path III) with a total of 29 individuals. The diversity of bird species in forest habitats was higher, with a value of 3,08, classified as high diversity, while coastal habitats had a value of 2,00, classified as moderate diversity. The species richness index in forest habitats has a value of 6,94, which is classified as high. Based on the analysis results, three patterns of bird distribution were found 20 species with clustered distribution, 20 species with random distribution, and 3 species with even distribution.