Perbandingan Pemberian Sevoflurane dan Propofol Terhadap Gangguan Fungsi Kognitif Pascaoperasi Tulang Belakang Menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)

Abstract

Background: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a complication that may occur after general anesthesia, especially in patients undergoing major surgeries such as spinal surgery. Propofol and sevoflurane are two commonly used anesthetic agents; however, their effects on postoperative cognitive function remain a topic of debate. Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences between sevoflurane and propofol administration in relation to postoperative cognitive dysfunction following spinal surgery using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methods: This study employed a comparative design, with patient samples selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients undergoing spinal surgery were divided into two groups: one receiving propofol anesthesia and the other receiving sevoflurane. MMSE scores were evaluated before surgery and at various postoperative intervals. The collected data were statistically analyzed to determine significant differences between the two groups. Results: The study results indicated a significant difference in MMSE score changes between the propofol and sevoflurane groups. On the seventh postoperative day, the incidence of POCD was higher in the sevoflurane group (60%) compared to the propofol group (10%). Additionally, hemodynamic parameters showed minor differences between the groups, with relatively stable mean blood pressure and heart rate throughout the procedure. Conclusion: Sevoflurane has a greater impact on postoperative cognitive decline compared to propofol. Therefore, the choice of anesthetic agent should consider the risk of POCD, particularly in patients with cognitive risk factors.