Eksplorasi Parasitoid Telur Hama Penggerek Batang Jagung (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée) pada Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda di Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Asian Corn Borer (ACB; Ostrinia furnacalis) is an major pest that reduces corn yields. This pest can be controlled by utilizing natural enemies, such as egg parasitoids. This study was aimed to identify parasitoids and determine level of parasitization and emergence rate of egg parasitoids of ACB at different altitudes in North Sumatra Province. This research was conducted from January to May 2024 in Gunung Berita, Namo Mbelin, and Gunung Klawas (66-103 masl), and Lausimomo, Kandibata, and Kacaribu (1052-1152 masl) by using the survey method. Eggs counting of ACB was conducted at the Laboratory of the Plant Protection and Horticulture Agency (UPT) of North Sumatra, whereas identification of parasitoids at the Plant Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara. The results showed all egg parasitoids found in the surveyed villages belonged to the genus Trichogramma. Although levels of parasitization and emergence rates varied by elevations, statistical analysis showed no significant differences. The average levels of parasitization per egg mass were 82.67% in lowland and 82.00% in highland. For individual eggs, the average levels were 79.64% and 82.47%, respectively. The average emergence rates of parasitoids were 89.24% in lowland and 77.47% in highland.