Pengaruh Pemberian Maltodextrin Preoperatif Terhadap Kejadian Post Operatif Nausea Vomitus (PONV) pada Pasien Sectio Sesarea dengan Spinal Anestesi

Abstract

Background: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is a common side effect following anesthesia, including in patients undergoing Caesarean Section (CS) with spinal anesthesia. PONV negatively affects patient comfort and postoperative recovery. The preoperative administration of carbohydrate-rich fluids such as maltodextrin has been recommended as part of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol to reduce the incidence of PONV. Objective: To evaluate the effect of preoperative maltodextrin administration on the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing CS with spinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial with a single-blind design. Subjects were elective CS patients with spinal anesthesia who met the inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups: the treatment group received 400 ml of a drink containing 50 g of maltodextrin twice (8 and 4 hours before surgery), while the control group followed standard preoperative fasting. PONV was assessed at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively using the ISS-PONV questionnaire. Results: The maltodextrin group showed a significant reduction in ISS-PONV scores compared to the control group at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively (p<0.001). The average PONV scores were lower in the group receiving maltodextrin. No significant difference was found in blood glucose levels before and after maltodextrin administration. There were also no significant differences in demographic or baseline clinical parameters between the two groups. Conclusion: Preoperative administration of maltodextrin is effective in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in CS patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.