Optimasi Hidrodistilasi Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) dengan Radiasi Mikrowave serta Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antimikroba

Abstract

Hydrodistillation of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) under microwave radiation and pre-treatment by stirring with a homogenizer has been carried out. The parameters of the ratio of patchouli leaves to distilled water, hydrodistillation time and microwave power were studied using the surface response method and Box-Behnken experimental design. The maximum yield of patchouli oil of 6.43% was obtained under reaction conditions of a ratio of patchouli leaves to distilled water of 1:15, hydrodistillation time of 3 hours and microwave power of 90%. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that the patchouli alcohol content was 40.57%. The antioxidant test using the DPPH method produced an IC50 value of 593.7454 ppm which indicates that the antioxidant activity is very weak. Antibacterial tests against S.aureus and E.coli bacteria produced inhibition zones of 13.35 and 10.25 mm respectively, this shows that patchouli oil has quite strong antibacterial activity. The refractive index value of the patchouli oil produced is 1.5060.