Determinan Perilaku Pencegahan Anemia pada Siswi SMPS Sultan Iskandar Muda Kota Medan

Abstract

Adolescence is a crucial phase in human development characterized by rapid growth that requires higher nutrient intake. Female adolescents who have experienced their first menstruation (menarche) have higher iron requirements, making them vulnerable to anemia. Anemia remains a global health problem, including in Indonesia. Data from the 2018 Basic Health Research shows that the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia reached 23,7%, with the proportion of anemia in the 15-24 age group in North Sumatra at 84,6%. Female adolescents with anemia risk giving birth to babies with low birth weight and experiencing stunting. This study aims to analyze the determinants of anemia prevation behavior among female students at SMPS Sultan Iskandar Muda in Medan City examining factors of knowledge, attitude, socioeconomic status, information sources and family support. This quantitative research used a Cross-Sectional approach conducted on 82 respondents selected through Purposive Sampling. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using chi-square statistical test. The results showed no relationship between knowledge and anemia prevation behavior (p-value=0,181), a significant relationship between attitude an anemia prevention behavior (p-value=0,030), no relationship between sicioeconomic status and anemia prevention behavior (p-value=0,883), no realtionship between information sources and anemia prevention behavior (p-value=0,694) and no relationship between family supports and anemia prevention behavior (p-value=0,061). Of the five factors studied only the students’ attitude had a significant relationship with anemia prevention behavior among female students at SMPS Sultan Iskandar Muda in Medan City suggesting that interventions should focus on improving students’ positive attitudes toward anemia prevention behavior.