Bentuk-Bentuk Ketidakadilan Gender Terhadap Perempuan Pekerja Dalam Novel Gadis Kretek Karya Ratih Kumala: Kajian Kritik Sastra Feminis

Abstract

Women’s literature is written works created by women, often highlighting themes relevant to the experiences and perspectives of women in society. Feminist literature, a subset of women’s literature, focuses on analyzing issues affecting women, including their marginalization and roles in various aspects of life. This research examines the depiction of forms of gender injustice against working women in the novel Gadis Kretek by Ratih Kumala. Dasiyah or Jeng Yah is one of the female characters who becomes a victim of gender injustice. She experiences injustice in society. This research aims to describe the forms of gender injustice against female characters in the novel Gadis Kretek by Ratih Kumala. The data analysis was conducted using a qualitative approach with a focus on forms of gender injustice, employing feminist literary criticism theory. The results of this research describe the forms of gender injustice against working women found in the novel Gadis Kretek by Ratih Kumala, with the following forms: (1) Marginalization, Roemaisa's husband disagrees with his wife and child's decision to sell jewelry to buy tobacco and cloves. Marginalization, Roemaisa's husband disagrees with his wife and child's decision to sell jewelry to buy tobacco and cloves. (2) Stereotype, the main character Dasiyah receives negative labeling. (3) Subordination, the female character Roemaisa is considered unimportant. (4) Violence, women in city M are used as objects of desire. In this study, the Double Burden in the theory of gender injustice proposed by Fakih (1996) was not found.