Efektivitas Sampo Antiketombe Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Pityrosporum ovale

Abstract

Pityrosporum ovale is a fungal microorganism commonly found on the scalp and is believed to contribute to the formation of dandruff in certain individuals. To overcome the growth of this fungus, ciplukan leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) has been recognized to have potential as a natural antifungal agent. The active compounds contained in ciplukan leaves show the ability to inhibit fungal growth due to the presence of secondary metabolite compounds that are active, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. This writing is intended to provide an overview and explanation regarding the effectiveness of ethanol extract of ciplukan leaves in shampoo formulations to inhibit Pityrosporum ovale and to determine the best formulation from the comparison of ethanol extract concentrations of ciplukan leaves at 100 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 10,000 ppm, with shampoo characterization including pH test, viscosity test, hedonic test, foam stability test, and irritation test. The process of extracting active compounds from ciplukan leaves was carried out using the maceration technique with 96% ethanol as the solvent. Antifungal testing was performed using the well diffusion method on PDA media and irritation testing using the Draize method. The results of this study showed that the shampoo preparation was semi-solid, green in color, had a peppermint aroma, a pH of 5.53–5.78, viscosity of 1850–2232 cPs, the best fungal inhibitory concentration at 10,000 ppm with an inhibition zone of 14.8 mm categorized as strong, and caused mild skin irritation.