Pengaruh Teknik Anestesi Umum Terhadap Kejadian Disfungsi Kognitif Pascaoperasi Menggunakan Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Dan Montreal Cognitive Assessment Versi dndonesia (Moca-Ina) pada Pasien Geriatri

Abstract

Introduction: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious issue in geriatric patients undergoing general anesthesia procedures. Perioperative cognitive function assessment is vital for selecting anesthesia techniques in elderly patients. Methods: This pretest-posttest cohort study assessed the effect of general anesthesia on POCD in geriatric patients ≥60 years from three government hospitals in Medan. Cognitive function was measured using MMSE and MoCA-Ina tests 1 day before and 3 days after surgery. Results: Thirty-six patients were included, with an average age of 65.42 ± 4.23 years. The majority were female (52.8%), with a high school education (50%), and worked as farmers/laborers (25%). The average surgery duration was 150 ± 39.93 minutes. A significant decrease in MMSE (26.83±1.5 vs 26.58±1.44) and MoCA-Ina (27.28±1.06 vs 27.05±1.01) scores was observed 3 days postoperatively (p<0.05), with high correlation between the two tests (97.2%; p>1.00). Conclusion: General anesthesia significantly affects POCD in geriatric patients based on MMSE and MoCA-Ina scores.