Pengaruh Rehabilitasi Kardiovaskular Fase I terhadap Stratifikasi Risiko dan Lama Hari Rawat Inap pada Pasien Pasca Intervensi Koroner Perkutan (IKP) di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan

Abstract

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is one of the most effective treatments for patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), improving prognosis and minimizing hospital stay duration. PCI should be complimented with cardiovascular rehabilitation, including lifestyle modification and risk stratification to optimize medical therapy programs. This study aims to analyzed the impact of phase I cardiovascular rehabilitation on risk stratification and the length of hospital stay in post-PCI patients. This study design is a retrospective cohort using electronic medical records from June 2022 to April 2024 at a cardiac catheterization service center. Patients were divided into groups exposed to and not exposed to Phase I cardiovascular rehabilitation. Respondent characteristics were analyzed to identify their influence on risk stratification and length of hospital stay. The majority of respondents were aged 56-65 years (38,8%) with a diagnosis of STEMI (53,7%) and comorbid hypertension (55,2%). The exposed group had a high-risk stratification (RR 1.016 95%CI:0.934-1.105). The exposed group had a length of hospital stay >3days (RR 0.904 95%CI:0,639-1.279). High-risk stratification group with a length of hospital stay >3 days (RR 0.555 95%CI:0.289-1.066). There was no significant impact of Phase I cardiovascular rehabilitation on risk stratification (p>0.05) or length of hospital stay (p>0.05). Multinominal logistic regression analysis identified that ACS classification had the most influence on risk stratification and length of hospital stay in post-PCI patients. It is recommended that cardiac catheterization service centers implement Phase I cardiovascular rehabilitation as an integral part of health services, enhancing the capacity of nurses and other team members through training programs.