Uji Eksperimental Performansi Sudu Turbin Vortex dengan Variasi Jumlah Sudu Menggunakan Basin Kerucut

Abstract

The Vortex Turbine is a type of renewable energy that utilizes the principle of vortex to generate mechanical energy from the kinetic energy of fluids (water or air). The Gravitation Water Vortex Turbine (GWVT) operates on the principle that flowing water possesses energy that can be harnessed to rotate the turbine wheel, and this turbine can be constructed in rivers and mountainous areas. The aim of this research is to obtain performance values of the Vortex Turbine runner using a blade curvature of r=20 cm with different numbers of blades, specifically 3, 5, and 7 blades, in a conical basin, and to analyze the runner with variations in the number of blades. Each blade is tested with four variations of water flow rates: 850 lpm, 1025 lpm, 1200 lpm, and 1375 lpm. An experimental study is conducted to analyze the effect of the blades with a conical type on the rotation, torque, turbine power, and turbine efficiency. The highest turbine power was achieved with 5 blades, yielding a power of 74.50 watts with an efficiency of 25.96% at a flow rate of 0.0229 m³/s, a torque of 8.20 Nm, and the highest blade rotation of 68 rpm. In contrast, the lowest power was recorded with 3 blades, amounting to 24.19 watts at the minimum flow rate of the experiment.